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The personal pronouns in Spanish still retain separate subject (nominative), indirect object (dative) and accusative (direct object) forms. indirect object) in Latin and “de” in Spanish replaced the genitive case (e.g. Thus, the preposition “al” in Spanish replaced the dative case (e.g.
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In terms of grammar, the Latin case functions of nouns were gradually replaced by prepositions. For example, the changes in pronunciation and spelling have been fewer and have been more consistent than the changes in French. author responsible for the preservation and transmission of classical culture and learning into the Middle Ages)Īlthough the Spanish language has undergone changes, as have the other Romance languages, Spanish remains one of the most similar to the original Latin. Isidore, Bishop of Seville (7th century A.D. 117-138 known for Hadrian’s Wall in Britain) Theodosius I “The Great” (emperor A.D. 98-117 under him the Roman empire reached its greatest extent) Martial (from Bilbilis, first century A.D. Quintilian (from Calagurris = Calahorra, first century author of a book on education) Seneca the Younger (philosopher, author, and tutor to Nero)Ĭolumella (from Gades, first century A.D. Seneca the Elder (rhetorician, 1st century B.C.) The following “Romans” were all from Hispania: The peninsula had more mineral resources (silver, gold, iron, and tin) than Gaul and reached its peak under the Romans in the first and second centuries A.D. , Roman control extended to the northern coast, and the area was later re-organized under Augustus into three provinces. The Romans established the provinces of Nearer Spain (Hispania Citerior) and Farther Spain (Hispania Ulterior) in 205 B.C. The Greeks colonized the southern coast in the 6th century B.C.
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The Spanish language is based on Latin as it evolved in the Iberian peninsula under local influences (especially Arabic, Greek, and Basque).
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Learning these common words will give you a huge leg up when reading, writing, speaking, and listening to Latin, but remember that most of these words will have various forms due to their cases (Accusative, Genitive, Dative or Ablative) or function in a sentence or clause. The 100 Most Common Written Words in Latin